Physical Geography

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The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and the third-longest in the world. It flows for 6,300 kilometers from the glaciers on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in Qinghai eastward across southwest, central and eastern China before emptying into the East China Sea at Shanghai.

A meander, in general, is a bend in a sinuous watercourse or river. A meander forms when moving water in a river erodes the outer banks and widens its valley. Meandering rivers erode sediment from the outer curve of each meander bend and deposit it on an inner curve further downstream.

An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands. Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, New Zealand, the Maldives, the Bahamas, Greece, Hawaii, and the Azores are examples of well-known archipelagos.

In regions of rocky deserts, wind abrasion excavates the bands of softer rocks into long, narrow corridors, separating the steep-sided over-hanging ridges of hard rocks, called yardangs. Instead of lying in horizontal strata upon one another, the hard and soft rocks of yardangs are vertical bands and are aligned in the direction of the prevailing winds.

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The average temperature on Earth is about 61o F (16o C). But temperatures vary greatly around the world depending on the time of year, ocean and wind currents and weather conditions. Summers tend to be warmer and winters colder. Also, temperatures tend to be higher near the equator and lower near the poles.

One of today’s prevalent water issues is the rise in sea level. It is mainly caused by two phenomena: global warming and ozone depletion. Polar ice caps in Antarctica and other places are melting fast. This has led to increase in sea level over the years.

Earthquake is a sudden and violent movement, or fracture, within the earth followed by the series of shocks resulting from this fracture. Earthquake is more likely to be of Tectonic origin and probably because of existence of a Fault.

The Block Mountains were formed on the crust due to tension. Faults are formed due to tensional forces. A part of the land block is depressed so that the remaining block stands conspicuously above the surroundings. Mountains formed in this way are called Block Mountains and the depressed portion is known as Rift Valley.

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The river Tsangpo flows through Tibet before entering India. Tsangpo or the Brahmaputra river flows 1625 km in Tibet parallel to the main range of Himalayas before entering India through Arunachal Pradesh.

The Tibetan river 'Tsangpo' enters India through the State of Arunachal Pradesh. The Brahmaputra enters India in the state of Arunachal Pradesh, where it is called Siang. It makes a very rapid descent from its original height in Tibet and finally appears in the plains, where it is called Dihang.

Narmada rivers divides the 'Deccan Tableland' from Central Highland in northern India. Narmada river and Vindhyan range divides the Deccan Plateau into two parts. Upper part is known as central highlands and lower part is known as Deccan plateau.

Ganga, Godavari, Yamuna and Krishna gives the correct descending order by length of the rivers of India.